module OpenTox
  
  # Ruby wrapper for OpenTox Dataset Webservices (http://opentox.org/dev/apis/api-1.2/dataset).
  # TODO: fix API Doc
  class Dataset 

    include OpenTox

    attr_reader :features, :compounds, :data_entries, :metadata

    # Create dataset with optional URI. Does not load data into the dataset - you will need to execute one of the load_* methods to pull data from a service or to insert it from other representations.
    # @example Create an empty dataset
    #   dataset = OpenTox::Dataset.new
    # @example Create an empty dataset with URI
    #   dataset = OpenTox::Dataset.new("http:://webservices.in-silico/ch/dataset/1")
    # @param [optional, String] uri Dataset URI
    # @return [OpenTox::Dataset] Dataset object
    def initialize(uri=nil,subjectid=nil)
      super uri, subjectid
      @features = {}
      @compounds = []
      @data_entries = {}
    end

    # Create an empty dataset and save it at the dataset service (assigns URI to dataset)
    # @example Create new dataset and save it to obtain a URI 
    #   dataset = OpenTox::Dataset.create
    # @param [optional, String] uri Dataset URI
    # @return [OpenTox::Dataset] Dataset object
    def self.create(uri=CONFIG[:services]["opentox-dataset"], subjectid=nil)
      dataset = Dataset.new(nil,subjectid)
      dataset.save
      dataset
    end
    
    # Find a dataset and load all data. This can be time consuming, use Dataset.new together with one of the load_* methods for a fine grained control over data loading.
    # @param [String] uri Dataset URI
    # @return [OpenTox::Dataset] Dataset object with all data
    def self.find(uri, subjectid=nil)
      return nil unless uri
      dataset = Dataset.new(uri, subjectid)
      dataset.load_metadata
      dataset
    end

    # Create dataset from CSV file (format specification: http://toxcreate.org/help)
    # - loads data_entries, compounds, features
    # - sets metadata (warnings) for parser errors
    # - you will have to set remaining metadata manually
    # @param [String] file CSV file path
    # @return [OpenTox::Dataset] Dataset object with CSV data
    def self.create_from_csv_file(file, subjectid=nil) 
      dataset = Dataset.create(CONFIG[:services]["opentox-dataset"], subjectid)
      #RestClientWrapper.post(dataset.uri,File.read(file), {:content_type => "text/csv", :subjectid => @subjectid}) 
      RestClientWrapper.post(dataset.uri,{:file => File.new(file)},{:accept => "text/uri-list", :subjectid => subjectid})#, {:content_type => "text/csv", :subjectid => @subjectid}) 
      dataset.load_metadata
      dataset
    end
    
    # replaces find as exist check, takes not as long, does NOT raise an un-authorized exception
    # @param [String] uri Dataset URI
    # @return [Boolean] true if dataset exists and user has get rights, false else 
    def self.exist?(uri, subjectid=nil)
      return false unless uri
      dataset = Dataset.new(uri, subjectid)
      begin
        dataset.load_metadata.size > 0
      rescue
        false
      end
    end

    # Get all datasets from a service
    # @param [optional,String] uri URI of the dataset service, defaults to service specified in configuration
    # @return [Array] Array of dataset object without data (use one of the load_* methods to pull data from the server)
    def self.all(uri=CONFIG[:services]["opentox-dataset"], subjectid=nil)
      RestClientWrapper.get(uri,{:accept => "text/uri-list",:subjectid => subjectid}).to_s.each_line.collect{|u| Dataset.new(u.chomp, subjectid)}
    end

    # Load YAML representation into the dataset
    # @param [String] yaml YAML representation of the dataset
    # @return [OpenTox::Dataset] Dataset object with YAML data
    def store_yaml(yaml)
      RestClientWrapper.post(@uri,yaml, {:content_type => "application/x-yaml", :subjectid => @subjectid}) 
    end

    def store_rdfxml(rdfxml)
      RestClientWrapper.post(@uri, rdfxml, {:content_type => "application/rdf+xml", :subjectid => @subjectid}) 
    end

    # Load RDF/XML representation from a file
    # @param [String] file File with RDF/XML representation of the dataset
    # @return [OpenTox::Dataset] Dataset object with RDF/XML data
    def store_rdfxml_file(file)
      #RestClientWrapper.post(@uri, :file => File.new(file))#, {:content_type => "application/rdf+xml", :subjectid => @subjectid}) 
      RestClientWrapper.post(@uri, File.read(file), {:content_type => "application/rdf+xml", :subjectid => @subjectid}) 
    end

    # Load CSV string (format specification: http://toxcreate.org/help)
    # - loads data_entries, compounds, features
    # - sets metadata (warnings) for parser errors
    # - you will have to set remaining metadata manually
    # @param [String] csv CSV representation of the dataset
    # @return [OpenTox::Dataset] Dataset object with CSV data
    def store_csv(csv) 
      RestClientWrapper.post(@uri, csv, {:content_type => "text/csv", :subjectid => @subjectid}) 
    end

    # Load Spreadsheet book (created with roo gem http://roo.rubyforge.org/, excel format specification: http://toxcreate.org/help)
    # - loads data_entries, compounds, features
    # - sets metadata (warnings) for parser errors
    # - you will have to set remaining metadata manually
    # @param [Excel] book Excel workbook object (created with roo gem)
    # @return [OpenTox::Dataset] Dataset object with Excel data
    def store_spreadsheet_file(file)
      RestClientWrapper.post(@uri, :file => File.new(file))#, {:content_type => "application/vnd.ms-excel", :subjectid => @subjectid}) 
    end
    
    # Load and return only metadata of a Dataset object
    # @return [Hash] Metadata of the dataset
    def load_metadata
      if (CONFIG[:yaml_hosts].include?(URI.parse(@uri).host))
        @metadata = YAML.load(RestClientWrapper.get(File.join(@uri,"metadata"), {:accept => "application/x-yaml", :subjectid => @subjectid}))
      else
        add_metadata Parser::Owl::Dataset.new(@uri, @subjectid).load_metadata
      end
      self.uri = @uri if @uri # keep uri
      @metadata
    end

    # Load all data (metadata, data_entries, compounds and features) from URI
    def load_all
      if (CONFIG[:yaml_hosts].include?(URI.parse(@uri).host))
        copy YAML.load(RestClientWrapper.get(@uri, {:accept => "application/x-yaml", :subjectid => @subjectid}))
      else
        parser = Parser::Owl::Dataset.new(@uri, @subjectid)
        copy parser.load_uri
      end
    end

    # Load and return only compound URIs from the dataset service
    # @return [Array]  Compound URIs in the dataset
    def load_compounds
      RestClientWrapper.get(File.join(uri,"compounds"),{:accept=> "text/uri-list", :subjectid => @subjectid}).to_s.each_line do |compound_uri|
        @compounds << compound_uri.chomp
      end
      @compounds.uniq!
    end

    # Load and return only features from the dataset service
    # @return [Hash]  Features of the dataset
    def load_features
      if (CONFIG[:yaml_hosts].include?(URI.parse(@uri).host))
        @features = YAML.load(RestClientWrapper.get(File.join(@uri,"features"), {:accept => "application/x-yaml", :subjectid => @subjectid}))
      else
        parser = Parser::Owl::Dataset.new(@uri, @subjectid)
        @features = parser.load_features
      end
      @features
    end

    # returns the accept_values of a feature, i.e. the classification domain / all possible feature values 
    # @param [String] feature the URI of the feature
    # @return [Array] return array with strings, nil if value is not set (e.g. when feature is numeric)
    def accept_values(feature)
      load_features
      accept_values = features[feature][OT.acceptValue]
      accept_values.sort if accept_values
      accept_values
    end

    # Detect feature type(s) in the dataset
    # @return [String] `classification", "regression", "mixed" or unknown`
    def feature_type
      load_features
      feature_types = @features.collect{|f,metadata| metadata[RDF.type]}.flatten.uniq
      if feature_types.include?(OT.NominalFeature)
        "classification"
      elsif feature_types.include?(OT.NumericFeature)
        "regression"
      else
        "unknown"
      end
    end

    # Get Spreadsheet representation
    # @return [Spreadsheet::Workbook] Workbook which can be written with the spreadsheet gem (data_entries only, metadata will will be discarded))
    def to_spreadsheet
      Spreadsheet::Workbook.new(RestClientWrapper.get(@uri, {:accept => "application/vnd.ms-excel", :subjectid => @subjectid}))
    end

    # Get Excel representation (alias for to_spreadsheet)
    # @return [Spreadsheet::Workbook] Workbook which can be written with the spreadsheet gem (data_entries only, metadata will will be discarded))
    def to_xls
      to_spreadsheet
    end

    # Get CSV string representation (data_entries only, metadata will be discarded)
    # @return [String] CSV representation
    def to_csv
      RestClientWrapper.get(@uri, {:accept => "text/csv", :subjectid => @subjectid})
    end

    # Get OWL-DL in ntriples format
    # @return [String] N-Triples representation
    def to_ntriples
      RestClientWrapper.get(@uri, {:accept => "application/rdf+xml", :subjectid => @subjectid})
    end

    # Get OWL-DL in RDF/XML format
    # @return [String] RDF/XML representation
    def to_rdfxml
      RestClientWrapper.get(@uri, {:accept => "application/rdf+xml", :subjectid => @subjectid})
    end

    # Get name (DC.title) of a feature
    # @param [String] feature Feature URI
    # @return [String] Feture title
    def feature_name(feature)
      load_features
      @features[feature][DC.title]
    end

    def title
      load_metadata
      @metadata[DC.title]
    end

    # Insert a statement (compound_uri,feature_uri,value)
    # @example Insert a statement (compound_uri,feature_uri,value)
    #   dataset.add "http://webservices.in-silico.ch/compound/InChI=1S/C6Cl6/c7-1-2(8)4(10)6(12)5(11)3(1)9", "http://webservices.in-silico.ch/dataset/1/feature/hamster_carcinogenicity", true
    # @param [String] compound Compound URI
    # @param [String] feature Compound URI
    # @param [Boolean,Float] value Feature value
    def add (compound,feature,value)
      @compounds << compound unless @compounds.include? compound
      @features[feature] = {}  unless @features[feature]
      @data_entries[compound] = {} unless @data_entries[compound]
      @data_entries[compound][feature] = [] unless @data_entries[compound][feature]
      @data_entries[compound][feature] << value if value!=nil
    end

    # Add a feature
    # @param [String] feature Feature URI
    # @param [Hash] metadata Hash with feature metadata
    def add_feature(feature,metadata={})
      @features[feature] = metadata
    end

    # Add/modify metadata for a feature
    # @param [String] feature Feature URI
    # @param [Hash] metadata Hash with feature metadata
    def add_feature_metadata(feature,metadata)
      metadata.each { |k,v| @features[feature][k] = v }
    end
    
    # Add a new compound
    # @param [String] compound Compound URI
    def add_compound (compound)
      @compounds << compound unless @compounds.include? compound
    end
    
    # Creates a new dataset, by splitting the current dataset, i.e. using only a subset of compounds and features
    # @param [Array] compounds List of compound URIs
    # @param [Array] features List of feature URIs
    # @param [Hash] metadata Hash containing the metadata for the new dataset
    # @param [String] subjectid
    # @return [OpenTox::Dataset] newly created dataset, already saved
    def split( compounds, features, metadata)
      LOGGER.debug "split dataset using "+compounds.size.to_s+"/"+@compounds.size.to_s+" compounds"
      raise "no new compounds selected" unless compounds and compounds.size>0
      dataset = OpenTox::Dataset.create(CONFIG[:services]["opentox-dataset"],@subjectid)
      if features.size==0
        compounds.each{ |c| dataset.add_compound(c) }
      else
        compounds.each do |c|
          features.each do |f|
            if @data_entries[c]==nil or @data_entries[c][f]==nil
              dataset.add(c,f,nil)
            else
              @data_entries[c][f].each do |v|
                dataset.add(c,f,v)
              end
            end
          end
        end
      end
      # set feature metadata in new dataset accordingly (including accept values)      
      features.each do |f|
        self.features[f].each do |k,v|
          dataset.features[f][k] = v
        end
      end
      dataset.add_metadata(metadata)
      dataset.save
      dataset
    end

    # Save dataset at the dataset service 
    # - creates a new dataset if uri is not set
    # - overwrites dataset if uri exists
    # @return [String] Dataset URI
    def save
      @compounds.uniq!
      # create dataset if uri is empty
      self.uri = RestClientWrapper.post(CONFIG[:services]["opentox-dataset"],{:subjectid => @subjectid}).to_s.chomp unless @uri
      if (CONFIG[:yaml_hosts].include?(URI.parse(@uri).host))
        RestClientWrapper.post(@uri,self.to_yaml,{:content_type =>  "application/x-yaml", :subjectid => @subjectid})
      else
        s = Serializer::Owl.new
        s.add_dataset(self)
        RestClientWrapper.post(@uri, s.to_rdfxml,{:content_type => "application/rdf+xml" , :subjectid => @subjectid})
      end
      @uri
    end

    # Delete dataset at the dataset service
    def delete
      RestClientWrapper.delete(@uri, :subjectid => @subjectid)
    end

    private
    # Copy a dataset (rewrites URI)
    def copy(dataset)
      @metadata = dataset.metadata
      @data_entries = dataset.data_entries
      @compounds = dataset.compounds
      @features = dataset.features
      if @uri
        self.uri = @uri 
      else
        @uri = dataset.metadata[XSD.anyURI]
      end
    end
  end

  # Class with special methods for lazar prediction datasets
  class LazarPrediction < Dataset

    # Find a prediction dataset and load all data. 
    # @param [String] uri Prediction dataset URI
    # @return [OpenTox::Dataset] Prediction dataset object with all data
    def self.find(uri, subjectid=nil)
      prediction = LazarPrediction.new(uri, subjectid)
      prediction.load_all
      prediction
    end

    def value(compound)
      @data_entries[compound.uri].collect{|f,v| v.first if f.match(/value/)}.compact.first
    end

    def confidence(compound)
      @data_entries[compound.uri].collect{|f,v| v.first if f.match(/confidence/)}.compact.first
    end

    def descriptors(compound)
      @data_entries[compound.uri].collect{|f,v| @features[f] if f.match(/descriptor/)}.compact if @data_entries[compound.uri]
    end

    def measured_activities(compound)
      source = @metadata[OT.hasSource]
      @data_entries[compound.uri].collect{|f,v| v if f.match(/#{source}/)}.compact.flatten
    end

    def neighbors(compound)
      @data_entries[compound.uri].collect{|f,v| @features[f] if f.match(/neighbor/)}.compact
    end

  end
end